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What are some essential facts about congenital heart disease?

 One of the most common misunderstandings concerning heart disease is that it only affects adults. However, nearly 130,000 children in India are born with congenital heart disease each year. Congenital heart disease is a birth abnormality that damages the baby's heart's natural process. They are essentially structural flaws in the heart and blood arteries.

Despite being the most prevalent type of birth abnormality, there is no prevention or cure for congenital heart disease, but the treatment includes surgical and/or interventional techniques. In India, paediatric cardiac therapy is still in its infancy.

Congenital heart disease incidences have increased in India due to a lack of knowledge and poor health care facilities. Misconceptions about this deadly condition might have a negative influence on the patient's treatment, states Dr Ranjit Jagtap, a cardiothoracic surgeon in Pune.



Types of congenital heart disorders

  • a hole in the heart: a gap between two chambers of the heart (septal defect)
  • Aorta narrowing: the aorta, the body's primary major artery, is narrower than it should be (coarctation)
  • The valve that regulates the passage of blood from the heart to the lungs narrows (pulmonary valve stenosis)
  • The pulmonary artery and the aorta are transposition of the great arteries

Few key details regarding Congenital Heart Disease (CHD)

  • Children's heart abnormalities are 60 times more common than childhood cancer.
  • Congenital heart abnormalities can be as basic as "holes" between heart chambers or as sophisticated as the entire absence of one or more chambers or valves. The detection of abnormalities takes place before, after, or during infancy.
  • More than 75% of babies born with severe heart illness survive for more than a year, and many go on to enjoy normal lives after open heart surgery.
  • Congenital heart disease can occur at any time, regardless of a child's race, age, or social level.
  • A congenital cardiac problem is not a death sentence. It does not imply that the infant is faulty or inadequate. Hundreds of CHD patients have had longer and better lives as a result of timely diagnosis, surgical intervention, and regular follow-ups.
  • More than half of all children born with a congenital heart abnormality will require invasive surgery at some point in their lives. In addition, he or she may not be able to gain weight as quickly as other newborns. Therefore, parents and caregivers should schedule regular follow-up appointments with the child's paediatric cardiologist or heart surgeon.
  • With the advent of better diagnosis and treatment options, survival rates that were once very poor have improved dramatically.

Diagnosis of Congenital Heart Disease

A foetal echocardiography, a form of ultrasound that provides ultrasound images of the growing baby's heart. It is to identify certain CHDs during pregnancy. Some CHDs, on the other hand, are not discovered until after delivery or later in life, such as in adolescence or adulthood. If a doctor suspects a CHD, the infant can undergo a series of tests to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment for Congenital Heart Disease

According to Dr Ranjit jagtap News, CHD treatment determines the kind and degree of the problem. Some newborns and children who are impacted may require one or more procedures to repair their hearts or blood vessels. A procedure known as cardiac catheterization can be used to treat some patients without the need for surgery.

A catheter is a long tube that is put through the blood arteries into the heart. In this procedure, a doctor can take measurements, take photographs, do tests, or correct the problem.

Conclusion

Ram Mangal Heart Foundation, Dr Ranjit Jagtap Clinic is a world-class cardiac and critical care hospital that provides medical and surgical care to neonates, babies, and children suffering from various heart conditions.

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